Dry needling is a technique physical therapists use (where allowed by state law) to treat pain and movement impairments. The physical therapist inserts a "dry" needle, one without medication or injection, into areas of the muscle.
Other terms used to describe dry needling include:
- Trigger point dry needling.
- Intramuscular manual therapy.
Dry needling is not acupuncture. Acupuncture is based on traditional Chinese medicine and can only be performed by acupuncturists. Dry needling is modern Western medicine and is supported by evidence-based research.
What Is a Trigger Point?
A trigger point is a small, highly sensitive area within a muscle. These trigger points are a common occurrence in people of all ages and often develop due to things like stress, injury, overuse, or poor posture. Trigger points can be very tender, and touching them can cause pain or discomfort in other parts of the body.
What Kind of Needles Are Used?
When physical therapists perform dry needling, they use a very thin needle. The needle enters the body through the skin and is aimed directly at the trigger points that a patient and their physical therapist identify together. By using the needle in this way, a physical therapist can target trigger points that they are not able to reach with their hands.
Physical therapists wear gloves and take multiple safety precautions when dry needling. The needles are disposed of in a medical sharps collector.
Why Dry Needling?
When physical therapists use dry needling, it is typically part of a larger treatment plan.
Dry needling can inactivate trigger points to relieve pain or improve range of motion. Research suggests that dry needling can also improve pain control and reduce muscle tension. Study findings also show that dry needling can help with the way our nerves interact with our muscles. This can help speed up a person’s ability to return to active rehab.
As part of their entry-level education, physical therapists are well trained in anatomy and the treatment of the body. Physical therapists who perform dry needling obtain additional specific education and training. When contacting a physical therapist for dry needling treatment, be sure to ask about their experience and education.
You can contact a physical therapist directly for an evaluation and treatment. To find a physical therapist in your area, visit Find a PT.
Learn More
Learn more about the benefits of dry needling, including patient stories, at our health center on dry needling.
